과거완료진행시제 had been-ing

Chris had been driving when the car broke down.

과거에 일어난 어떤 일을 기준으로 그 전부터 그때까지 진행되어 온 일에 대해 말할 때 과거완료진행 시제 had been+-ing를 쓴다. 

      I had been looking for it for hours.

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  몇시간전(지갑을 찾기 시작했음)         과거기준시점(지갑을 찾았음)                          지금

• I finally found my wallet. I had been looking for it for hours. 
• I hadn't been sleeping long when my alarm clock woke me up. 
• We had been loving at a small apartment downtown before we moved into this house. 
• Megan's eyes were red when I saw her. She had been crying. 

과거 완료진행 시제와 과거 완료 시제

1. 과거 완료진행시제 
   과거 기준 시점 이전부터 그때까지 어떤일을 얼마나 오래했는지를 말할 때는 과거완료진행 시제를 주로 쓴다. 
   Jim had been waiting for an hour when we arrived at the train station.
   We finished our project last Friday. We had been working on it for six months. 
   
   
2. 과거 완료시제
   과거 기준 시점 이전에 어떤 일을 얼마나 많이 했는지 또는 몇번 했는지를 말할 때는 과거완료 시제를 쓴다. 
   Kevin had written five novels by the time he was 30. 
   "Why did you find the movie boring yesterday?" "I had seen it three times before.
   
   

know, believe 등과 같이 동작을 나타내지 않는 동사들은 과거완료진행 시제로 쓰지않고 과거완료 시제로 쓰는 것에 주의한다. 

Tera and Brad had known each other for 10 years before they got married. 

When I was eight I realized Santa wasn't real. Before that time, I had always believed in Santa. 

오답노트!

Vicky had been practicing the violin for several hours every day before she performed last night.